The term "Damascus steel" itself likely traces its roots to the medieval city of Damascus, Syria. "Wootz" is an erroneous transliteration of "utsa" or "fountain" in Sanskrit however, since 1794, it has been the primary word used to refer to historical hypereutectoid crucible steel. Wootz (Indian), Pulad (Persian), Fuladh (Arabic), Bulat (Russian) and Bintie (Chinese) are all names for historical ultra-high carbon crucible steel typified by carbide segregation. Such blades were reputed to be tough, resistant to shattering, and capable of being honed to a sharp, resilient edge. These swords are characterized by distinctive patterns of banding and mottling reminiscent of flowing water, sometimes in a "ladder" or "rose" pattern. Close-up of a 13th-century Persian-forged Damascus steel sword.ĭamascus steel is the forged steel of the blades of swords smithed in the Near East from ingots of Wootz steel either imported from Southern India or made in production centres in Sri Lanka or Khorasan, Iran. For Operation Damascus Steel, see Rif Dimashq offensive (February–April 2018). For the album of the same name, see Damascus Steel (album).
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